Factors of a number using Java

September 28, 2022

Find the Factors of a Number in Java

Given an integer number as the input, the objective is to Find all the factors of a Number. Therefore, we’ll write a code to Find the Factors of a Number in Java Language.

Example
Input : 10
Output : 1, 2, 5
find factorial of number using java

Find the Factors of a Number in Java Language

Given an integer input, the objective is to find all the factors of a given integer input but the number itself.

To do so we’ll use loops to iterate through the range from 2 to the number itself and check whether there are any factors within the range. To do so, we’ll use loops to iterate through the range and check if each number is a factor of the number or not.

Once we find that the number is divisible by any number we’ll append it to the factors list or simply print the factors along the way. Here are a few methods to Find the Factors of a Number in Java Language,

  • Method 1: Using Range as [ 2, number ]
  • Method 2: Using Range as [ 2, number/2]
  • Method 3: Using Range as [2, Sqrt( number ) ]
  • Method 4: Using Range as [2, Sqrt( number ) ] Updated
  • Method 5: Update for negative numbers

We’ll discuss the above-mentioned methods in detail in the upcoming sections.

Factors of a NumberIn Java

Method 1: Using Range as [ 1, number ]

  • Take the input of num
  • Iterate from 1 to num using a for loop as i iterator
  • Check any given ‘i’ with if it perfectly divides num i.e. num % i == 0

Java Code

Run 
public class Main
 {
      public static void main(String[] args) {

      int num = 10;

     System.out.println( "Factors of " + num + " are " );

     // finding and printing factors b/w 1 to num
     for(int i = 1; i <= num; i++)
     {
         if(num % i == 0)
             System.out.println(i + " "); 
     }

      }
 }
// Time Complexity : O(n) 
// Auxiliary Space : O(1)

Output

1 2 5 10

Method 2: Using Range as [ 1, number/2 ]

Since all divisors for any number can be found in the range 1 to num/2 we need to iterate between [ 1, number/2 ]

  • Take the input of num
  • Iterate from 1 to num/2 using a for loop as i iterator
  • Check any given ‘i’ with if it perfectly divides num i.e. num % i == 0

Java Code

Run 
class Main
{
    public static void main (String[]args)
    {

        int num = 100;
        getFactors (num);
    }

    static void getFactors (int num)
    {

        for (int i = 1; i <= (num/2); i++)
        {
            if (num % i == 0)
            {
                System.out.print(i + " ");
            }
        }
		// print thenumber itself too
		System.out.print(num);
    }
}
// Time Complexity : O(n) 
// Auxiliary Space : O(1)
// This method is better than previous method, even though the time complexity is the same
// it runs half lesser loop than previous method
// ran for loop num times, however, this runs num/2 times

Output

1 2 4 5 10 20 25 50 100
While loop in C

Factorial of a number

Power of a number

Factor of a number

Finding Prime Factors of a number

Strong number

Perfect number

Method 3: Using Range as [ 1,  Sqrt( number )]

Check the output for finding the divisors of 100: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50

  • All divisors come in pairs (1, 100), (2, 50), (4, 25), (5, 20), (10, 10)
  • If you multiple any pair the result will be 100 e.g. : 2 * 50 = 100 or 4 * 25 = 100
  • If the first pair is ‘i’ then we can find the other pair by doing num/i
  • Take the input of num
  • Iterate from 1 to √num using a for loop as i iterator
  • Check any given ‘i’ with if it perfectly divides num i.e. num % i == 0
    • If i ==num/i then just print i
    • else print both i and num/i

Java Code

Run 
class Main{

    public static void main(String[] args){
        
        int num = 100;
        getFactors (num);
    }

    static void getFactors (int n)
    {
        for(int i = 1; i <= Math.sqrt(n); ++i)
        {
            if (n % i == 0){
                // If both pair of factors are equal then we just print
                // once, example for 100 : (a, b) : (10, 10)
                // 10 should be printed just once
                if(i == n / i)
                    System.out.print(i + ", ");

                    // else print both the pairs
                else
                    System.out.print(i + ", " + n/i + ", ");
            }
        }
    }
}
// Time Complexity : O(sqrt(N))
// Space Complexity : O(1)

Output

1, 100, 2, 50, 4, 25, 5, 20, 10,

Method 4: Using Range as [ 1,  Sqrt( number )]  (Update)

The above program doesn’t print divisors in ascending order and prints them in jumbled order. This can be fixed in the program below –

Run 
class Main
{
  public static void main (String[]args)
  {

    int num = 100;
      getFactors (num);
  }

  static void getFactors (int num)
  {

     
    // Same i used in other for loop
    int i;
    // to avoid double printing
    boolean flag = false;
    
    for(i = 1; i <= Math.sqrt(num); i++)
    {
        if (num % i == 0)
            System.out.print(i + " ");

        // To avoid double printing of equal pairs 
        // Example (10,10) we only want to print once 
        if(i == num/i) 
            flag = true; 
    } 

    // if flag is true then we had double pairs like (10,10) 
    // we should do i-- so as not to do double printing of pair divisor 
    // doing i -=2 rather than i-- as in previous for loop we exited 
    // with i++, example, i = 10 became 11 and we need to start with 9 
    // so as to ignore 10 as its a double pair 
    if(flag)
        i -= 2; 

    // printing pairs 
    for(; i >= 1; i--)
    {
        if (num % i == 0)
            System.out.print(num/i + " ");
    } 
  }
}
// Time Complexity : O(sqrt(N))
// Space Complexity : O(1)

Output

1 2 5 10 20 25 50 100

Method 5: For negative numbers

Negative numbers are unique cases for them both positive and negative divisors will be their example –

Factors of -100 are: -100 -50 -25 -20 -10 -5 -4 -2 -1 1 2 4 5 10 20 25 50 100

Below program takes care of it

Run 
class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        // negative number
        int num = -100;
        System.out.print("Factors of " + num + " are: ");

        // Loop runs between -100 to 100 skipping 0
        for(int i = num; i <= Math.abs(num); ++i) {

            // we must skip 0 as iteration
            if(i == 0) {
                continue;
            }
            else {
                if (num % i == 0) {
                    System.out.print(i + " ");
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
// Time complexity : O(N)
// Space complexity : O(1)

Output

Factors of -100 are: -100 -50 -25 -20 -10 -5 -4 -2 -1 1 2 4 5 10 20 25 50 100

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2 comments on “Factors of a number using Java”


  • Shital Karek

    public class factors {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    int num =10;
    System.out.println(“factors of “+ num + ” are “);

    for(int i =1 ; i<=num; i++)
    {
    if(num%i==0)
    {
    System.out.print(i+",");
    }
    }
    }
    }

    0