Data Interpretation (Bar Chart) Quiz 1

Explanation:

Let the total expenditures be Rs. x.

Then, the expenditure on Research and Development (R & D) = Rs. (5% of x)

= Rs. \frac{5}{100} \times x

= Rs. \frac{x}{20}

Therefore Ratio of the total expenditure to the expenditure on R & D

= \frac{x}{\frac{x}{20}} = \frac{x}{1} \times \frac{20}{x} = \frac{20}{1} .

Then, the total expenditure is 20 times the expenditure of Research and Development.

Video solution:

Explanation:

Let the total expenditure be Rs. x crores.

Then, 15% of x = 2.10 => x = \frac{2.10 \times 100}{15} = 14.

Therefore Total expenditure = Rs. 14 crores

and so, the difference between the expenditures on transport and taxes

= Rs. [(12.5 - 10)% of 14] crores

= Rs. [2.5% of 14] crores

= Rs. 0.35 crores

= Rs. 35 lakhs

Video solution:

Solution:

Let the total amount of expenditures be Rs. x.

Then, the total expenditure on infrastructure and transport

= Rs. [(20 + 12.5)% of x]

= Rs. [32.5% of x]

= Rs. \frac{32.5x}{100}

Total expenditure on taxes and interest on loans

= Rs. [(10 + 17.5)% of x]

= Rs. [27.5% of x]

= Rs. \frac{27.5x}{100}

Therefore Required ratio = \frac{\frac{32.5x}{100}}{\frac{27.5x}{100}} = \frac{13}{11}

Solution:

Let the total expenditure be Rs. x crores.

Then, 17.5% of x = 2.45 => x = 14.

Therefore Total expenditure = Rs. 14 crores.

and so, the total expenditure on advertisement, taxes and Research and Development

= Rs. [(15 + 10 + 5)% of 14] crores

= Rs. [30% of 14] crores

= Rs. 4.2 crores.

Let the total amount of expenditures be Rs. x.

Then, the expenditure on interest on loans = Rs. (17.5% of x) = Rs.\frac{17.5x}{100}

and the expenditure on transport = Rs. (12.5% of x) = Rs.\frac{12.5x}{100}

Difference between the two expenditures = Rs \frac{17.5x}{100} - \frac{12.5x}{100}

Rs. \frac{5x}{100}

and so, the required percentage = \frac{\frac{5x}{100}}{\frac{12.5x}{100}} \times 100% = 40%.

Solution:

Foreign exchange reserve in 1997-98 = 5040 million US $
Foreign exchange reserve in 1993-94 = 2520 million US $

Increase = 5040 - 2520 = 2520 million US $
\frac{2520}{2520}\times 100 = 100

Video solution:

Solution:

Calculate for those years which are actually having an increase if we compare to previous year.
These years are 1992-93, 1994-95, 1996-97, 1997-98

So lets calculate the percentage increase of these years compared to previous years :

i.   For year 1992-93 = \frac{3720-2640}{2640} \times 100 = 40.91%
ii.  For year 1994-95 = \frac{3360-2520}{2520} \times 100 % = 33.33%
iii. For year 1996-97 = \frac{4320-3120}{3120} \times 100 = 38.46%
iv. For year 1997-98 = \frac{5040-4320}{4320} \times 100 = 16.67%

First get the average of these 8 years. which is,

\frac{1}{8} (2640+3720+2520+3360+3120+4320+5040+3120) = 3480 million US $

Foreign exchange reserves in 1996-97 = 4320 million US $

Required Percentage = \frac{4320}{3480} \times 100 = 125%

Video solution:

Solution:

Percentage Decrease = [(Initial Value - Final Value) / Initial Value] * 100

In this case:

Initial Value = 3120 (1998-99) Final Value = 3120 (also 1998-99)

So, the percentage decrease is:

[(3120 - 3120) / 3120] * 100 = (0 / 3120) * 100 = 0%

There is no decrease; the values are the same.