Mapping Constraints in DBMS

February 1, 2023

Mapping constraints in DBMS

In this article, we will learn about Mapping constraints in DBMS.Mapping constraints defines how many entities can be related to another entity to a relationship. It is very much useful for identifying relationships that are involved with more than one relationship

MAPPING CONSTRAINTS IN DBMS

Mapping constraints defines how many entities can be related to another entity to a relationship. It is very much useful for identifying relationships that are involved with more than one relationship

Simple binary relationship with two entity sets then 4 possible mapping cardinalities to exist as follows
- One to one (1:1)
- One to many (1:M)
- Many to one (M:1)
- Many to Many (M M)

One to one cardinality

When a single instance of an entity is associated with a single instance of another entity, then it is called as one to one cardinality
Here each entity of the entity set participate only once in the relationship

Example for one to one cardinality

Assume that the only male can be married to only one female and one female can be married to only one male, this can be viewed as one to one cardinality

Functional Dependencies

Joins in DBMS

Relational Algebra

Deadlock in DBMS

One-to-Many cardinality

When is a single instance of an entity is associated with more than one instance of another entity then this type of relationship is called one to many relationships
Here entities in one entity set can take participation in any number of times in relationships set and entities in another entity set can take participation only once in a relationship set

Example for one to many cardinalities

For example in the Real world, many students can study in a single college but the student cannot apply to more than one college at the same time

Many-to-one cardinality

When entities in one entity set can participate only once in a relationship set and entities in another entity can participate more than once in the relationship set, then such type of cardinality is called many-to-one

Example for many to one cardinality

In real time a student takes only one course but a single course can be taken by any number of students. so many to one relationship is observed here
It means that one course can be taken by any number of students but only one course can be allotted to one student

Many-to-many cardinality

Here more than one instance of an entity is associated with more than one instance of another entity then it is called many to many relationships
In this cardinality, entities in all entity sets can take participate any number of times in the relationship cardinality is many to many.

Example for many to many cardinality

In the Real world assume that a student can take more than one course and the single course can be taken by any number of students this relationship will be many to many relationship

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