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What is Data?
Data
In computer science or DBMS, data is an efficient model of information, which is stored in a format that is highly efficient for movement over various networks.
It can be internal networks of the computer itself(i.e local movement in storage disk of a computer) or global movement via the internet.
Data is generally a raw format of any information. It may be text information or any rich formatted information.
Consider you’re visiting a website, your computer downloads all the HTML, CSS and various java-script for that website and renders the page. All this is data download.
Information
Information is nothing but that data being viewed in a structured format.
Example, when you visited that website. The browser stores your cookies and the website based on your IP address can find the country you’re accessing the website from. Thus, your IP Address which is data becomes information when a meaning full context is applied to it.
Units of data storage
Bit:
The smallest/fundamental unit of measurement used for measuring data is a single bit, it contains a binary value such as true/false(1 and 0’s)
Byte
- A byte corresponds to 8 bits of data which is the fundamental unit of measurement of data
- A byte can Store 2n bits i.e
1 byte = 28 bits = 256 different values
Kilobyte (KB)
Files required thousands of bytes to store, textual data files are often measured in kilobytes(KB).
Megabytes(MB):
Larger files such as images, audio files, videos contain millions of bytes hence visual and audio data stored in MB.
Gigabytes(GB):
Storage devices store thousands of files in a wide range of formats varying from a simple text file to high-end graphical video,s audios images, etc to store data in the form of gigabytes or even terabytes (TB).
Below is a list of standard measure of data storage in increasing order of size
Unit | Size |
| Byte(B) | 8 bytes |
| KiloByte(KB) | 1000 1 bytes |
| MegaByte(MB) | 1000 2bytes |
| GigaByte(GB) | 1000 3 bytes |
| TeraByte(TB) | 1000 4 bytes |
| PetaByte(PB) | 1000 5 bytes |
| ExaByte(EB) | 1000 6 bytes |
| Zettabyte(ZB) | 1000 7bytes |
| yottabyte(YB) | 1000 8bytes |
Note:
- A lowercase ‘b‘ used to represent bits where are uppercase ‘B‘ represent bytes as a byte it is 8x times large as a bit
- Example: 100KB(KILOBYTES) = 100*8 = 800(KILOBITS)
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In the unit-size table, Size Of Byte is 8 bits