Matrix Multiplication in C

February 1, 2023

Matrix Multiplication :

On this page we will write a basic of C Matrix Multiplication for understanding basic structure of multidimensional array in C programming. In programming , we can multiply two matrices easily by using proper syntax and algorithm.

C Matrix Multiplication Algorithm and Program :

Matrix multiplication is an important program to understand the basics of c programming .For matrix multiplication number of columns in first matrix must be equal to the number of rows in second matrix.Also the number of rows in third matrix which contains the result of multiplication of two matrices is equal to number of row in first matrix and number of columns is equal to number of columns in second matrix.

Algorithm:

Step 1: Start
Step 2: Declare matrix mat1[row1][col1]; and matrix mat2[row2][col2]; and matrix mul[row1][col2]; row= no. of rows, col= no. of columns
Step 3: Read mat1[row1][col1] and mat2[row2][col2]
Step 4: Declare variable i=0, j=0
Step 5: Set a loop from i=0 to i=row1.
Step 6: Set an inner loop for the above loop from j=0 to j=col2

Initialise the value of the element (i, j) of the new matrix (mul[row1][col2]) to 0.
Set an inner loop inside the above loop from k=0 to k=row1.
Using the add and assign operator (+=) store the value of mat1[i][k] * mat2[k][j] in the third matrix, mul[i][j].
Print the third matrix.

Step 7: Stop

Program for matrix multiplication function

Program for matrix transpose

Program for multiplication table

Program for natural number sum recursion

Program to check whether a number negative positive zero

Example: Matrix Multiplication

Run

#include<stdio.h>
int main ()
{
  int mat1[2][3] = { {0, 1, 2}, {3, 4, 5} };
  int mat2[3][2] = { {1, 2}, {3, 4}, {5, 6} };
  int mul[2][2], i, j, k;

  printf ("matrix 1 is :\n");
  for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
    {
      for (j = 0; j < 3; j++)
	{
	  printf ("%d   ", mat1[i][j]);
	  if (j == 3 - 1)
	    {
	      printf ("\n\n");
	    }
	}
    }

  printf ("matrix 2 is :\n");
  for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
    {
      for (j = 0; j < 2; j++)
	{
	  printf ("%d   ", mat2[i][j]);
	  if (j == 2 - 1)
	    {
	      printf ("\n\n");
	    }
	}
    }


  for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
    {
      for (j = 0; j < 2; j++)
	{
	  mul[i][j] = 0;
	  for (k = 0; k < 3; k++)
	    {
	      mul[i][j] += mat1[i][k] * mat2[k][j];
	    }
	}
    }

  printf ("The product of the two matrices is: \n");
  for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
    {
      for (j = 0; j < 2; j++)
	{
	  printf ("%d\t", mul[i][j]);
	}
      printf ("\n");
    }
  return 0;
}

Output :

matrix 1 is :
0   1   2   

3   4   5   

matrix 2 is :
1   2   

3   4   

5   6   

The product of the two matrices is: 
13	16	
40	52

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Matrix Multiplication in C