Data Types in Java

October 6, 2023

Data Types In Java

Here, on this page we will discuss about all the Data Types present in Java Programming Language. Java is a statically-typed programming language, which means that all variables must have a declared data type before they can be used. There are mainly two types of Data Type:

Primitive Data Type These are the fundamental data types built into the Java language. They represent single values and are not objects.

Non Primitive Data Type The Non Primitive Data Type includes Classes, Interfaces and Arrays

Data Type	Default Value	Default Size
Boolean	False	1 bit
Char	‘\u0000’.	2 Byte
Byte	0	1 byte
Short	0	2 byte
Int	0	4 byte
Long	0L	8 byte
Float	0.0f	4 byte
Double	0.0d	8 byte

Primitive Data Type

Predefined data types that are supported by a programming language and cannot be broken down into further simpler types are known as Primitive data types.

We have eight Primitive data types namely;-

boolean
char
byte
short
int
long
float
double

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1. Boolean

The boolean data type allows the programmer to store only two values- True or False.
Hence it represents only one bit of information but the size of this data type is implementation dependent.
It is often used as simple flag that is used to determine a True / False situation.

Run

public class Main
{
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		boolean a = true; 
        if (a == true) 
            System.out.println("Hey There Prepster"); 
	}
}

Output :Hey There Prepster

2. Char

The char data type is typically used to store a single Unicode character, and it is often represented as 16 bits (2 bytes) in many programming languages.
Its value range spans from ‘\u0000’ (which is equivalent to 0) to ‘\uffff’ (equivalent to 65,535), inclusive.
This data type is primarily employed for character storage and manipulation in various programming contexts.

Run

public class CharExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        char myChar = 'A'; 
        System.out.println("The value of myChar is: " + myChar); 
    }
}

Output :The value of myChar is: A

3. Byte

The Byte data type is an 8-bit signed two’s complement integer.
This can be used instead of int or other integer types to save memory when we are certain that the value will be within -128 and 127, since byte is 4 times smaller than the int type.
A special feature of this data type is that it is cyclic in nature.

Run

class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
 	byte num;

    	num = 126;

    	num++;

    	System.out.println(num);

    	num++;

    	System.out.println(num);

    }
}

Output :
127
-128

4. Short

The short data type is a 16-bit signed two’s complement integer.
Its value-range lies between -32,768 to 32,767 (inclusive). Its minimum value is -32,768 and maximum value is 32,767. Its default value is 0.
The short data type can also be used to save memory in large arrays , just like byte data type. A short data type is 2 times smaller than an integer.

Run

public class Main
{
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		short num = 10000;
        System.out.println(num);
	}
}

Output :
10000

5. Int

The int data type is the preferred data type when we create variables with a numeric value.

Run

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int myInt = 42; // Declare an int variable and assign a value to it
        System.out.println("The value of myInt is: " + myInt); // Print the value of the int variable
    }
}

}

Output :
The value of myInt is: 42

6. Long

The long data type is a 64-bit integer that employs a two’s complement representation.
Its value range extends from -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 (which is equivalent to -2^63) to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807 (which is equivalent to 2^63 – 1), inclusive.
The minimum value it can hold is -9,223,372,036,854,775,808, while the maximum value is 9,223,372,036,854,775,807.
By default, a long variable is initialized to 0. This data type is utilized when a wider range of values is required compared to the int data type

Run

public class LongExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Define two long integers and calculate their sum
long num1 = 123456789012345L;
long num2 = 987654321098765L;
long sum = num1 + num2;

// Display the result
System.out.println("Sum of " + num1 + " and " + num2 + " is: " + sum);
}
}

Output :
Sum of 123456789012345 and 987654321098765 is: 1111111111111110

7. Float

The float data type is a 32-bit IEEE 754 single-precision floating-point representation.
It does not have a limited value range, which means it can represent a wide range of values, including very large and very small numbers.
It is advisable to use float instead of double when conserving memory is essential, especially in situations involving large arrays of floating-point numbers.

Run

float myFloat = 3.14f; 
System.out.println(myFloat);

Output :
3.14

8. Double

The double data type is a 64-bit IEEE 754 double-precision floating-point format.
It possesses an extensive value range, accommodating a wide variety of numeric values, including those of substantial magnitude or extreme precision. Similar to the float data type, double is commonly used for decimal values.
However, it’s crucial to note that for applications requiring high precision, such as currency calculations, it is not recommended to use the double data type due to its inherent limitations.

Run

public class DoubleExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // Define two double numbers and calculate their sum
        double num1 = 3.14159265359;
        double num2 = 2.71828182846;
        double sum = num1 + num2;

        // Display the result
        System.out.println("Sum of " + num1 + " and " + num2 + " is: " + sum);
    }
}

Output :
Sum of 3.14159265359 and 2.71828182846 is: 5.85987448205

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Data Types in Java