Operator Precedence in C

February 10, 2023

Operator Precedence :

Here, in this page we will discuss about the operator Precedence in C. C provides quite a variety of operators which come in handy to the programmer for the manipulation of variables.Operator Precedence is defined by how two operators are bind together and how they will be evaluated. Operator with more precedence will be evaluated first in an expression.

Operator Precedence

The operators in C are as follows:

Arithmetic Operators
Relational Operators
Bit-wise Operators
Logical Operators
Assignment Operators
Miscellaneous Operators

For example x = 10 – 4 * 2, here the value of x will be 2 not 12 as * (Multiplication) has more precedence over -, so it will be evaluated first which gives 8, then 8 will be subtracted from 10 which gives our final answer 2.

Note Precedence and Associativity of the operators are given below and Higher number means higher precedence of the operator.

Tokens in C

Variables in C

Scope Rules in C

Size of data types in C

Constants in C

Control Statements in C

Precedence And Associativity Table :

Precedence	Operator	Type	Associativity
15	() [] ·	Parentheses Array subscript Member selection	Left to Right
14	++ —	Unary post-increment Unary post-decrement	Left to Right
13	++ — + – ! ~ ( type )	Unary pre-increment Unary pre-decrement Unary plus Unary minus Unary logical negation Unary bitwise complement Unary type cast	Right to left
12	* / %	Multiplication Division Modulus	Left to right
11	+ –	Addition Subtraction	Left to right
10	<< >> >>>	Bitwise left shift Bitwise right shift with sign extension Bitwise right shift with zero extension	Left to right
9	< <= > >= instanceof	Relational less than Relational less than or equal Relational greater than Relational greater than or equal Type comparison (objects only)	Left to right
8	== !=	Relational is equal to Relational is not equal to	Left to right
7	&	Bitwise AND	Left to right
6	^	Bitwise exclusive OR	Left to right
5	\|	Bitwise inclusive OR	Left to right
4	&&	Logical AND	Left to right
3	\|\|	Logical OR	Left to right
2	? :	Ternary conditional	Right to left
1	= += -= *= /= %=	Assignment Addition assignment Subtraction assignment Multiplication assignment Division assignment Modulus assignment	Right to left

Example :

Run

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
    int a = 10, b = 20, c = 30, d = 60;
    int res;

    //10 + 600
    res = a + b * c;          
    printf("%d\n",res);

    //30 * 30
    res = (a + b) * c;     
    printf("%d\n",res);

    //30 * 2        
    res = (a + b) * (d / c);  
    printf("%d",res);
    return 0;
}

Output:

610
900
60

Explanation In the above Example of Operator precedence, We had taken different Integer type Variables and we are testing the precedence of different operators with the help of different Examples throughout the program.

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