Java catch Multiple Exceptions
Explain Java catch Multiple Exceptions?
The catch block is used to deal with exceptions that are generated by your program.
If there are several different types of exceptions that could occur in a specific piece of code, you can use one catch block to handle all of them at once.
To understand the Java Catch Multiple Exceptions, Read the Complete Article.
Handle Multiple Exceptions in a catch Block:
Using a method known as “multi-catch” in Java, you can handle many exceptions in a single catch block. This enables you to reduce code duplication and organise your exception-handling code.
The sorts of exceptions you want to catch must be separated by the pipe (|) symbol in order to handle multiple exceptions in a catch block.
the syntax for handling multiple exceptions in a catch block in Java:
try {
// code that may throw exceptions
} catch (ExceptionType1 | ExceptionType2 | ... | ExceptionTypeN exceptionVariable) {
// exception handling code for any of the specified exception types
}
Catching base Exception:
In Java, the Exception class is the base class for all exceptions. When you catch the Exception class, you are effectively catching any exception that might be thrown by the code within the corresponding try block.
Catching the Exception class can be useful if you want to handle all exceptions in a uniform way.
Here's an example of catching the Exception class:
try {
// code that may throw exceptions
} catch (Exception e) {
// exception handling code
}
Let’s look at the Java Catch Multiple Exceptions to perform certain operations.
Example 1: Java program to create one dimensional Array:
Run
//MultipleCatchBlocksExample
public class Main
{
public static void main (String[]args)
{
try
{
// code that may throw exceptions
int[] arr = new int[5];
arr[10] = 50;
} catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e)
{
// exception handling code for ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
System.out.println ("An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException occurred: " +
e.getMessage ());
} catch (ArithmeticException e)
{
// exception handling code for ArithmeticException
System.out.println ("An ArithmeticException occurred: " +
e.getMessage ());
} catch (Exception e)
{
// exception handling code for any other type of exception
System.out.println ("An exception occurred: " + e.getMessage ());
}
}
}
Output
An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException occurred: Index 10 out of bounds for length 5
Explanation:
we have a try block with code that creates an array of 5 integers and then tries to assign a value to an element at an index that is outside of the array bounds (index 10). This will throw an ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException. We catch this exception in the first catch block.
Example 2 : Java Program to Handle Multiple Exceptions in a catch Block
Run
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.SocketException;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
//MultipleExceptionsExample
public class Main
{
public static void main (String[]args)
{
try
{
// code that may throw exceptions
if (args.length == 0)
{
throw new IllegalArgumentException ("No arguments provided.");
}
else if (args.length == 1)
{
throw new SocketException ("Socket error occurred.");
}
else
{
throw new UnknownHostException ("Unknown host error occurred.");
}
}
catch (IOException | IllegalArgumentException ex)
{
// exception handling code for IOException or IllegalArgumentException
System.out.
println ("An I/O or illegal argument exception occurred: " +
ex.getMessage ());
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
// exception handling code for any other type of exception
System.out.println ("An exception occurred: " + ex.getMessage ());
}
}
}
Output
An I/O or illegal argument exception occurred: No arguments provided.
Explanation:
In the catch block, we use a single catch block with the pipe symbol | to handle IOException and IllegalArgumentException exceptions. We then use a separate catch block to handle any other type of exception that was not caught by the first catch block.
Example 3 : Java Program to Catching base exception class only:
public class Main
{
public static void main (String[]args)
{
try
{
// code that may throw exceptions
String str = null;
System.out.println (str.length ());
} catch (Exception e)
{
// exception handling code for any type of exception
System.out.println ("An exception occurred: " + e.getMessage ());
}
}
}
Output
An exception occurred: null
Explanation:
we have a try block with code that attempts to call the length() method on a null String object, which will throw a NullPointerException. We catch the base Exception class in the catch block, which means that any type of exception that is thrown by the code in the try block will be caught by this catch block.
Example 4 : Java Program to Catching base and child exception classes :
Run
public class Main {
//CatchBaseAndChildExceptionExample
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
// code that may throw exceptions
String str = null;
System.out.println(str.length());
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
// exception handling code for NullPointerException
System.out.println("A NullPointerException occurred: " + e.getMessage());
} catch (Exception e) {
// exception handling code for any other type of exception
System.out.println("An exception occurred: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
}
Output
A NullPointerException occurred: null
Explanation:
The program contains a try block that has a code snippet which tries to execute the length() method on a null String object. If the method is invoked on a null object, it throws a NullPointerException. In order to handle this exception, the program has two catch blocks: the first one is responsible for handling the NullPointerException class, and the second one is designed to catch the base Exception class. This way, different types of exceptions can be caught and handled appropriately within the same try-catch structure.
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