Introduction to STL in C++

February 1, 2023

About C++ STL :

In C++, Standard Template Library (STL) is a set of classes that provide different functions and programming data structures. It helps to easily store and accessing the elements using different techniques.

Components of STL in C++ :

In general, There are four components of STL in C++ :

Algorithms
Function
Containers
Iterators

Algorithms :

Algorithms A group of functions that are specifically created to be used on a variety of items are defined by the header algorithm. They influence containers and provide the contents of the containers the means for a variety of functions.

Different Algorithms are provided by the STL which are following :

Sorting
Searching

Functions :

Function Definition Classes that overload the function call operator are included in the STL. These classes' instances are referred to as function objects or functors. With the use of given arguments, functors enable the associated function's operation to be modified.

Loop Types in C++

Decision Making in C++

Array in C++

String in C++

Function in C++

Containers :

Containers Definition Objects and data are kept in containers or container classes. There are only seven header files that give access to these "first-class" containers or container adaptors out of a total of seven "first-class" container classes and three container adaptor classes in the standards.

Types of Containers :

Following are the types of containers available in STL :

Sequence Containers : Vector, List, Deque, Arrays
Containers Adaptors : Queue, Priority Queue, Stack
Associative Containers : Set, Multiset, Map, Multimap
Unordered Associative Containers : Unordered Set, Unordered Multiset, Unordered Map, Unordered Multimap

Iterators :

Iterators Definition Iterators are tools for processing a list of values. They are the primary aspect of STL that permits generality.

Advantages of STL in C++ :

Programming style may be drastically altered by STL, enabling for more strong, reliable, and reusable code. By using STL, programmer may simplify their life and increase its efficiency. Additionally, STL is expandable, enabling the programmers to include their own containers and algorithms.

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