Strings in C

January 19, 2023

Strings

Strings are one dimensional character array. Strings always terminate by null character “\0” having the ASCII value zero as well. Strings data types also follows contagious memory allocation. Basic Syntax of String Declaration is Char String_Name[String Size]; Operations include stelen, strcpy, strcmp, strcat etc.

Declaration of Strings

In method 1 we also set String size along with string name and char keyword for declaration of string.
In method 2 we do not set String Size along with string Name and char keyword.
It will automatically take the size of the of string.

Method 1

char String_Name [String_Size];

Method 2

char String_Name [];

Initialization of Strings

Method 1 : Type 1

char a [11] = "prepinsta";

Method 1 : Type 2

char a [11] = {'p','r','e','p','i','n','s','t','a','\0'};

Method 2 : Type 1

char a [] = "prepinsta";

Method 2 : Type 2

char a [] = {'p','r','e','p','i','n','s','t','a','\0'};

Enums in C

Structure in C

Structure function in C

Structure pointer in C

Union in C

Scanning and Printing of String.

Scanning can be done via 2 methods.
first is the use of scanf statement.
second is the use of gets statement.
In the following Program basically there are two strings a and b.
String a is getting input from scanf statement.
String b is getting input from gets statement.

Program to demonstrate getting Input.

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
     char a[20];
     char b[30];
     scanf("%s",a);
     gets(b);
}

Program to demonstrate printing String.

Printing can be done via 2 methods.
first is the use of printf statement.
second is the use of puts statement.
In the following Program basically there are two strings a and b.
String a is getting input from scanf statement.
String b is getting input from gets statement.
String a getting printed via printf Statement.
While String b is getting printed via puts statement

#include<stdio.h> 
int main()
{
     char a[20];
     char b[30];
     scanf("%s",a);
     gets(b);
     printf("%s",a);
     puts(b);
}

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