Addition of Two Matrix in C

July 29, 2023

Add Two Matrices :

On this page  we will write a basic C program to add two matrices for understanding basic structure of multidimensional array in C programming. In programming , we can add two or more matrices  easily by using proper syntax and algorithm.

C Program to Add Two Matrices

Algorithm For C Program to Add Two Matrices :

To add two matrices the number of row and number of columns in both the matrices must be same the only addition can take place.

Step 1: Start

Step 2: Declare matrix mat1[row][col];
             and matrix mat2[row][col];
             and matrix sum[row][col]; row= no. of rows, col= no. of columns

Step 3: Read row, col, mat1[][] and mat2[][]

Step 4: Declare variable i=0, j=0

Step 5: Repeat until i < row

         5.1: Repeat until j < col

                 sum[i][j]=mat1[i][j] + mat2[i][j]

                 Set j=j+1

         5.2: Set i=i+1

Step 6: sum is the required matrix after addition

Step 7: Stop

In the above algorithm,

  • using scanf( )  will take the input from the user rows,columns,elements of both the matrix.
  • we will the add the element of matrix 1 and matrix 2 in third matrix let say sum matrix.
  • printf( )  will print the output on the screen
  • we have to use the for loop to input the element of matrix ,sum the elements of matrices and print the final result.
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Example: C Program to Add Two Matrices :

Run 
#include <stdio.h>
int main ()
{
  int mat1[3][3] = { {0, 1, 2}, {3, 4, 5}, {6, 7, 8} };
  int mat2[3][3] = { {9, 10, 11}, {12, 13, 14}, {15, 16, 17} };
  int sum[3][3], i, j;

  printf ("matrix 1 is :\n");
  for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
    {
      for (j = 0; j < 3; j++)
	{
	  printf ("%d   ", mat1[i][j]);
	  if (j == 3 - 1)
	    {
	      printf ("\n\n");
	    }
	}
    }

  printf ("matrix 2 is :\n");
  for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
    {
      for (j = 0; j < 3; j++)
	{
	  printf ("%d   ", mat2[i][j]);
	  if (j == 3 - 1)
	    {
	      printf ("\n\n");
	    }
	}
    }
  // adding two matrices
  for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
    for (j = 0; j < 3; j++)
      {
	sum[i][j] = mat1[i][j] + mat2[i][j];
      }

  // printing the sum 0f two matrices
  printf ("\nSum of two matrices: \n");
  for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
    {
      for (j = 0; j < 3; j++)
	{
	  printf ("%d   ", sum[i][j]);
	  if (j == 3 - 1)
	    {
	      printf ("\n\n");
	    }
	}
    }

  return 0;
}

Output :

matrix 1 is :
0   1   2   

3   4   5   

6   7   8   

matrix 2 is :
9   10   11   

12   13   14   

15   16   17   


Sum of two matrices: 
9   11   13   

15   17   19   

21   23   25

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