2 Dimensional Array in C
2D Array
2D Array is defined as the continuous block of memory in which a similar data type is stored. 2D Array indexing starts with size 0 and ends with size -1. The size of the 2D array is fixed and it is stored in static memory.
Syntax:
data_type array_name [i][j]
Representation of 2D Array
Array Declaration
Declaration of 2D Array consists of any data type and it can be declared by any random name or any random variable.
Syntax:
int arr[3][5];
// Here int is the data type of array.
// arr is the name of array.
// 3 is the size of row and 5 is the size of column of an array.
Array Initialization
In 2D Array, All the elements consist of garbage value at initial time but it can be explicitly initialized during declaration.
Syntax:
int Arr[i][j] = {value 1, value 2, value 3,…,value ij} Accessing of elements in 2D Array:
In 2D Array elements are accessed by putting the array name and index value inside square brackets.
Syntax:
<arr_name>[index];
Rules for 2D Array Declaration:
- In 2D array we must have to declare the array variable.
- 2D Array stores the data in contiguous memory locations.
- 2D Array should be a list of similar data types.
- The size of the 2D array should be fixed.
- 2D Array should be stored in static memory.
- 2D Array indexing starts with size 0 and ends with size -1.
- In 2D Array declaration of array size within the bracket is not necessary.
- In 2D Array it must include the variable name and data type while declaring any arrays .
Example 1
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int arr[3][3] = {{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}};
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
printf("%d ", *(*(arr + i) + j));
}
printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}
Output:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Example 2
#include
int main() {
int arr[3][3] = {{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}};
printf("The even elements in the 2d array are : ");
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
if(arr[i][j]%2==0) printf(" %d ", *(*(arr + i) + j));
}
}
return 0;
}Output
The even elements in the 2d array are : 2 4 6 8
Example 3
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int arr[3][3] = {{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}};
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
if(i==0 && j==0){
printf("The first element of 2d array is : %d\n ", *(*(arr + i) + j));
}
else if(i==2 && j==2){
printf("The last element of 2d array is : %d ", *(*(arr + i) + j));
}
}
}
return 0;
}Output
The first element of 2d array is : 1
The last element of 2d array is : 9
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