Abstraction In Java

February 8, 2023

Abstraction in Java

Data abstraction is the process of hiding certain details and displaying only essential information to the user. It means a class only has the essential attributes and methods that a user needs to know, and hides the rest of the information.

In this article we will be discussing about Abstraction in Java.

Data Abstraction

Data abstraction can also be defined as the process of identifying only the desired characteristics of an object, ignoring irrelevant details. The properties and behavior of an object distinguish it from other objects of a similar type and also help in classifying/grouping objects.

In Java, abstraction is achieved through interfaces and abstract classes. Using interfaces we can achieve 100% abstraction.

Abstract class: is a restricted class that cannot be used to create objects (it must be inherited from another class to access it).
Abstract method: can only be used in an abstract class and has no body. The body is provided by a subclass (inherited from).

Example:

Run

import java.util.*;

// class definition 
abstract class Human {
    
    // abstract function
    public abstract void Sound();
    public void sleep() {
      System.out.println("Zzz");
    }
  }

// defining extended class   
class Men extends Human {
    public void Sound() {
      System.out.println("The Men says: PrepInsta");
    }
  }
  
class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
      // Object of men class
      Men myMen = new Men();
      
      // function calling
      myMen.Sound();
      myMen.sleep();
    }
  }

Output:

The Men says: PrepInsta
Zzz

Explanation In the Above Example of Abstraction, we hadve created two classes i.e. a human class and men which is an extended class of human. in the human class there exists an abstract method sleep and in the main function of the program we have created an object of the extended class men, which is used to call sound and sleep functions of the given classes.

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Abstraction In Java