Multidimensional Array in C
Multidimensional Array in C Language:
On this page we will discuss about what is multidimensional array in C language ( two dimensional and three dimensional arrays) with some examples.To understand what is multidimensional array we need to know about array first.An array is a data structure containing a number of data value( all of which are of same data type).So, multidimensional arrays can be defined as the array of arrays.
Multidimensional Array in C Programming
You can think of multidimensional arrays as the combination of multiple arrays.Multidimensional array can be defined as the array of arrays they store data in tabular form which is of homogeneous type.
data_type array_name[size1][size2]....[sizeN];
Here, Data_type is the type of you data you want to store like int,char,float,etc. array_name is the name of array which follows the rules of identifier and size1 ,size2 …… is the dimension of array.
Numbers of elements this array can store is (size1 x size2 x ……… x sizeN )
Two-dimensional arrays
Two-dimensional is one of the most basic and simplest form of multidimensional array.
syntax:
data_type array_name[x][y];
Initialization of two-dimensional array:
int x[2][3] = {0, 1 ,2 ,3 ,4 , 5 } //first method
int x[2][3] = {{0,1,2}, {3,4,5}}; // second method
int x[3][4]; //third method
for (int i = 0; i<3; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j<4; j++)
{
cin >> x[i][j];
}
}
Example : Two-dimensional array to store and print values
#include <stdio.h>
int main ()
{
int a[4][3] = { {0, 0, 0}, {1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}};
int i, j;
/* output each array element's value */
for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < 3; j++)
{
printf ("a[%d][%d] = %d\n", i, j, a[i][j]);
}
}
return 0;
}
Output:
a[0][0] = 0 a[0][1] = 0 a[0][2] = 0 a[1][0] = 1 a[1][1] = 2 a[1][2] = 3 a[2][0] = 4 a[2][1] = 5 a[2][2] = 6 a[3][0] = 7 a[3][1] = 8 a[3][2] = 9
Three-dimensional array
Three deminsional array is same as the two-dimensional array.in this the number of dimensions increases.
syntax:
data_type array_name[x][y][z];
Initialization of three-dimensional array:
int x[2][2][3] = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, //first method
11};
int x[2][2][3] = // second method
{
{ {0,1,2}, {3,4,5}},
{ {6,7,8}, {9,10,11}}
};
int x[2][2][3]; //third method
for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i)
{
for (int j = 0; j < 2; ++j)
{
for (int k = 0; k < 3; ++k)
{
cin >>[i][j][k];
}
}
}
Example : Three-dimensional array to store and print values
#include <stdio.h>
int main ()
{
int p[2][2][3] = { {{0, 1, 2}, {3, 4, 5}},
{{6, 7, 8}, {9, 10, 11}} };
for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i)
{
for (int j = 0; j < 2; ++j)
{
for (int k = 0; k < 3; ++k)
{
printf ("Element at p[%i][%i][%i] = %d\n", i, j, k, p[i][j][k]);
}
}
}
return (0);
}
Output:
Element at p[0][0][0] = 0 Element at p[0][0][1] = 1 Element at p[0][0][2] = 2 Element at p[0][1][0] = 3 Element at p[0][1][1] = 4 Element at p[0][1][2] = 5 Element at p[1][0][0] = 6 Element at p[1][0][1] = 7 Element at p[1][0][2] = 8 Element at p[1][1][0] = 9 Element at p[1][1][1] = 10 Element at p[1][1][2] = 11
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